1100 Words | Week 5

rampant / inane / ethics / at stake / concur / clandestine / crack down / flagrant / admonish / duress / culprits / crib / inexorable / pay off / come to a head / egregious / distraught / duplicity / acrimonious / paucity / elicit / pernicious / tolerate / discipline / construe / impunity / stock in trade / take down a peg / pass the buck / lionize a person
 

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Week 5 Day 1

 

rampant

걷잡을 수 없는, 만연[횡행]하는 = unchecked / 형용사 걷잡을 수 없이 자라는[무성한]

Longman   
1 if something bad, such as crime or disease, is rampant, there is a lot of it and it is very difficult to control
2 a plant that is rampant grows and spreads quickly, in a way that is difficult to control
 

Pickpocketing is rampant in the downtown area. 소매치기
rampant inflation 걷잡을 수 없는 인플레이션
Unemployment is now rampant in most of Europe. 
이제는 실업이 유럽 대부분에서 만연해 있다.
 

inane

어리석은, 무의미한

Longman    very stupid or without much meaning
 

Most pop lyrics are pretty inane.
There are so many inane television quiz shows.
쓸데없는 텔레비전 퀴즈쇼가 너무 많다.
an inane remark 무의미한 말
My sincere apology for writing an inane comment. 
어리석은 평을 쓴것에 대한 충심어린 사과입니다.
 

ethics

[단수 취급] 윤리학 / (개인·특정 사회·직업의) 도덕 원리, 윤리, 도의, 덕의

Longman    moral rules or principles of behaviour that should guide members of a profession or organization 
and make them deal honestly and fairly with each other and with their customers 
 

Besides sales techniques, salespeople will get training in contract law, psychology, and business ethics. 
The firm observes high standards of professional ethics. 
a journalistic code of ethics (=list of moral rules for a particular activity or profession)
He began to question the ethics of his position. 
그는 자기 입장의 윤리성에 대해 의문을 갖기 시작했다.
Shadow inflation is against business ethics. 
그림자 인플레이션은 기업 윤리에 어긋난다.
 

at stake

성패가 달려 있는, 위태로운

Longman    if something that you value very much is at stake, you will lose it if a plan or action is not successful
 

They have to win the contract – thousands of jobs are at stake.
National pride is at stake in next week’s game against England.
We cannot afford to take risks when peoples’ lives are at stake. 
우리는 사람들의 목숨이 위태로운 때에 위험을 무릅쓸 여유가 없다.
His life was at stake. 
그는 목숨이 왔다 갔다 하는 지경이었다.
 

concur

동의하다, 의견 일치를 보다

Longman   
1 to agree with someone or have the same opinion as them concur with 
2 to happen at the same time = coincide concur to do something 
 

The committee largely concurred with these views.
I concur with him in many points. 나는 그와 여러 가지 점에서 의견이 일치한다.
Everything concurred to produce the desired effect.
 

clandestine

비밀리에 하는, 은밀한

Longman    done or kept secret 
 

a clandestine affair
The government carries on clandestine activities, like spying. 
정부는 첩보 행위같은 비밀 활동을 한다.
The group held weekly clandestine meetings in a church. 
그 집단은 교회에서 매주 은밀한 집회를 가졌다.
 
 

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Week 5 Day 2

 

crack down

엄중 단속, 강력 탄압하다

Longman    to become more strict in dealing with a problem and punishing the people involved on

 

The government is determined to crack down on terrorism. 

The police are cracking down hard on violent crime.

Police should crack down on drink-drivers. 

경찰이 음주운전자들에게 철퇴를 가해야 한다.

 

flagrant

노골적인, 명백한 = blatant

Longman    a flagrant action is shocking because it is done in a way that is easily noticed and shows no respect for laws, truth etc

flagrant abuse/violation/breach etc

 

flagrant violations of human rights a flagrant disregard for the law

a flagrant abuse of human rights 명백한 인권 유린

He showed a flagrant disregard for anyone else’s feelings. 

그는 누구든 다른 사람의 감정은 노골적으로 무시했다.

 

admonish

꾸짖다, 책망하다 = reprove / (강력히) 충고하다

Longman    formal to tell someone severely that they have done something wrong 

admonish somebody for (doing) something

 

The witness was admonished for failing to answer the question.

Parents admonish their children to always tell the truth. 

부모는 자식에게 항상 진실을 말하도록 가르친다.

 

duress

협박, 압력

Longman    illegal or unfair threats under duress 

 

The confession was obtained under duress.

He signed the confession under duress. 

그는 협박을 받고[압력에 못 이겨] 그 자백서에 서명을 했다.

 

culprits

범인 / (문제를 일으킨) 장본인

Longman    

1 the person who is guilty of a crime or doing something wrong

2 informal the reason for a particular problem or difficulty

 

Police finally managed to catch the culprit.

High production costs are the main culprit.

The police quickly identified the real culprits. 

경찰이 즉각 진범을 밝혀냈다.

Police hope the public will help them to find the culprits. 

경찰은 대중이 그 용의자를 찾는 것을 도와주기를 희망한다.

 

crib

구유, 여물통 (=manger)/ (다른 학생 과제나 책을 보고 몰래) 베끼다

Longman    to copy school or college work dishonestly from someone else

crib something off/from somebody

 

a waterproof crib mattress cover 방수 아기 침대 커버

He didn’t want anyone to crib the answers from him.

The Internet allows people unprecedented access to information - anything from sports scores to debating crib-sheets. 인터넷은 스포츠 득점에서부터 논란이 되는 커닝 페이퍼까지 사람들이 전례 없이 정보에 접근할 수 있게 해줍니다.

 

inexorable

멈출[변경할] 수 없는, 거침없는 = relentless

Longman    an inexorable process cannot be stopped = unstoppable

 

the inexorable decline of Britain’s manufacturing industry

the seemingly inexorable rise in crime

There was an inexorable rise in the price of oil after 1974. 

1974년 이후 석유 가격은 말할 수 없이 인상됐다

The inexorable law of change which rules our social life 

우리들의 사회생활을 규정하는 변화라는 철칙

 

pay off

성공하다[성과를 올리다] / 모두 다 갚다, 청산하다.

Longman    

1 pay something ↔ off to give someone all the money you owe them

2 if something you do pays off, it is successful or has a good result

3 pay somebody ↔ off British English to pay someone their wages and tell them they no longer have a job

4 pay somebody ↔ off to pay someone not to say anything about something illegal or dishonest

 

I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country. 

나는 이 나라를 떠나기 전에 모든 부채를 청산해야 한다.

I have always believed that my persistence would pay off. 

나는 항상 나의 끈기가 보상을 받을 거라고 믿어 왔다.

I guess practice does pay off. 

연습하면 그만한 보답이 돌아오는 것 같아요.

Two hundred workers have been paid off.

 
 

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Week 5 Day 3

 
come to a head

정점[위기]에 이르다.
Longman    if a problem or difficult situation comes to a head, or something brings it to a head, it suddenly becomes worse and has to be dealt with quickly

 

Things came to a head in the summer of 1997.

The situation has come to a head. 사태가 급박해졌다

Recently these issues have come to a head. 최근에 이 문제들은 절정에 달했다

 

 

egregious

지독한

e[=out] + greg[=flock] + ious

Longman    an egregious mistake, failure, problem etc is extremely bad and noticeable

 

It was an egregious error for a statesman to show such ignorance. 

정치인으로써 그런 무지를 보여주었다는 것은 엄청난 실수이다.

Misspelling the title of a book is an egregious blunder to make in a book report. 

서평에서 책 제목의 철자가 틀린 것은 아주 큰 실수이다.

 

distraught

(흥분해서) 완전히 제정신이 아닌, 심란한

Longman    so upset and worried that you cannot think clearly

 

Relatives are tonight comforting the distraught parents.

He was distraught with grief when his wife died. 

아내가 죽었을 때 그는 슬픔으로 제 정신이 아니었다.

He was distraught at his stupidity. 

그는 자신의 어리석음에 대해 속상해 했다

 

duplicity

이중성, 표리부동 = deceit

Longman    dishonest behaviour that is intended to deceive someone

 

They were accused of duplicity in their dealings with both sides. 

그들은 양 쪽을 상대하면서 사기를 쳐 왔다는 혐의로 기소되었다.

I was disappointed at his dishonesty and duplicity. 

나는 그의 부정직함과 이중성에 실망했다.

 

acrimonious

폭언이 오가는, 험악한 = bitter

Longman    an acrimonious meeting or discussion is one in which people argue a lot and get very angry

 

The meeting ended in an acrimonious dispute.

His parents went through an acrimonious divorce. 

그의 부모는 서로 악다구니를 퍼부으며 이혼했다.

The issue of raising taxes causes acrimonious arguments. 

세금 인상에 대한 이슈는 신랄한 논쟁을 불러일으켰다.

 

paucity

소량; 부족, 결핍

Longman    less than is needed of something = lack paucity of

 

a paucity of information

There is a paucity of information on the ingredients of many cosmetics. 

각종 화장품에 들어가는 원료에 관해서는 정보가 극히 부족하다. 
 
 

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Week 5 Day 4

 
elicit

(정보·반응을 어렵게) 끌어내다

Longman    to succeed in getting information or a reaction from someone, especially when this is difficult 

elicit something from somebody 

 

When her knock elicited no response, she opened the door and peeped in. 

The test uses pictures to elicit words from the child.

I could elicit no response from him. 

나는 그에게서 아무 반응도 끌어낼 수 없었다.

Lawyers should avoid making arguments whose sole purpose is to elicit sympathy from the jury. 

변호사들은 배심원들의 동정을 이끌어내려는 목적으로 논리를 전개하지 않아야 한다.

 

pernicious

치명적인(특히 그 영향이 서서히 알아차리기 힘들게 진행되는 경우)

Longman    very harmful or evil, often in a way that you do not notice easily

 

the pernicious effects of poverty 

the media’s pernicious influence

Most doctors agree that smoking is a pernicious habit. 

대부분의 의사는 흡연이 해로운 습관이라는 데 의견을 같이 한다.

pernicious anemia 악성 빈혈

 

tolerate

용인하다 (=put up with)/ 참다 (=put up with) / (약물·힘든 환경 등을) 견디다

Longman    

1 to allow people to do, say, or believe something without criticizing or punishing them

2 to be able to accept something unpleasant or difficult, even though you do not like it = stand, bear

3 if a plant tolerates particular weather or soil conditions, it can exist in them 

4 if a person or their body can tolerate a food or other substance, it can use it without becoming ill 

 

We simply will not tolerate vigilante groups on our streets.

I couldn’t tolerate the long hours.

plants that tolerate drought

Women’s bodies can tolerate less alcohol than men’s.

 

discipline

징계하다 / 훈육하다

Longman    

1 to punish someone in order to keep order and control 

2 to teach someone to obey rules and control their behaviour 

3 discipline yourself (to do something) to control the way you work, how regularly you do something etc, because you know it is good for you

 

The officers were later disciplined.

Different cultures have different ways of disciplining their children.

Try to discipline yourself to write every day.

The officers were disciplined for using racist language. 

그 경찰관들은 인종 차별적인 발언으로 징계를 받았다.

 

construe

~을 (~으로) 이해[해석]하다 = interpret

Longman    to understand a remark or action in a particular way be construed as something

 

comments that could be construed as sexist

The term can be construed in two different ways.

Different lawyers may construe the same law differently. 

법률가에 따라 같은 법조문이라도 각각 다른 해석을 내릴 수가 있다.

Her words could hardly be construed as an apology. 

그녀의 말은 사과로 해석하기 힘든 것이었다.

His speech was construed as an attack on the government. 

그의 연설은 정부에 대한 공격으로 해석되었다

 

impunity

처벌을 받지 않음

Longman    do something with impunity if someone does something bad with impunity, there is no risk that they will be punished for it 

 

It’s astonishing that these criminals are free to walk the streets with impunity.

Sue left her seat quietly with impunity. 

Sue는 무사히(처벌을 받지 않고) 자신의 자리를 벗어났다.

You cannot do this with impunity. 

이것을 하면 반드시 벌을 받는다[무사히 넘기지 못한다].
  
 

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Week 5 Day 5

 
stock in trade

재고품 / [목수 등의] 장사도구

Longman    

1 something that is typical of a particular person or thing, especially what they say or do 

2 literary the things you need to do your job

 

Stewart’s stock-in-trade was the face-to-ace interview.

Vanessa’s looks have been her stock-in-trade as an actress.

Terrorists use fear, pain and suffering as their stock in trade. 

테러리스트들이 사용하는 상투적인 요소는 두려움, 아픔, 그리고 고통이다.

 

take/bring somebody down a peg (or two)

콧대를 꺾다, 체면을 잃게 하다.

Longman    to make someone realize that they are not as important or skilled as they think they are

배의 깃발은 말뚝(peg)에 의해서 올려지고 내려지는데, 깃발이 높을 수록 명예도 높다.

 

Evans is an arrogant bully who needs taking down a peg or two.

One day I will take him down a peg (or two).

언젠가 그의 콧대를 꺾고야 말겠다

 

pass the buck

남에게 책임을 전가하다

Longman    to make someone else responsible for something that you should deal with

buck    포커에서 누가 카드를 돌릴 사람인지 나타내는 표식

 

I was tempted to pass the buck. 

나는 책임을 떠넘기고 싶은 유혹을 받았다.

He tends to pass the buck when he makes a mistake. 

그는 자기 잘못을 남에게 돌리는 경향이 있다

 

lionize a person

(사람을) 명사(名士) 대우하다[떠받들다]

Longman    to treat someone as being very important or famous

런던타워의 사자들은 그곳의 명물로 여겨졌다.

 

When the famous poet Dylan Thomas visited the United State, he was lionized whenever he lectured.

유명한 시인인 달런 토마스가 미국에 방문했을 때, 강연을 했던 곳마다 사람들이 그를 극성 맞게 치켜세웠다.